Kourosh ZiabariAsia Times: As US President Donald Trump’s administration tightens incremental sanctions on Iran to impair the Islamic Republic’s nuclear program, derail its regional escapades and bring it back to the bargaining table, citizens of Iranian origin living overseas including expatriates and international students are collaterally feeling the sting of the punitive measures against their country of birth.

The US sanctions regime against Iran is now a multi-layered, sophisticated constellation of embargoes expanded over time through numerous Congressional acts and executive orders by the US president. It targets any sort of trade and banking transaction with the beleaguered nation and extraterritoriality applies to all countries and foreign firms that have business interests in Iran.

Although the US sanctions, introduced after President Trump’s trashing of the July 2015 nuclear deal (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action) do not have the backing of the UN Security Council, virtually every world country, from Iran’s traditional oil clients in Asia such as India, South Korea and Japan, to neighboring Turkey are upholding them for fear of being caught and penalized by America.

Indications are emerging that instead of applying pressure on the government, the sanctions are incapacitating the daily lives of ordinary Iranian citizens, even those who have left the country years ago and adopted other nationalities. In extreme cases, people have been penalized on account of their surnames that hint of Iranian origins and prevented from purchasing goods online or making money remittances.

Lila, a music producer from Uruguay using the artistic name Tirandoa Violeta, posted a tweet in late August notifying her followers that the US-based online payment system PayPal had declined one of her transactions. After making an inquiry, she realized the word “iran” in her name (Tirandoa) had triggered a false alarm in the system, causing the rejection of the transaction.